{"id":1622,"date":"2020-06-03T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-03T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/?p=1622"},"modified":"2020-08-28T15:18:16","modified_gmt":"2020-08-28T13:18:16","slug":"influence-of-size-and-cross-linking-density-of-microgels-on-cellular-uptake-and-uptake-kinetics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/?p=1622","title":{"rendered":"Influence of size and cross-linking density of microgels on cellular uptake and uptake kinetics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"473\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Switacz_2020.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1623\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Switacz_2020.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Switacz_2020-300x142.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Switacz_2020-768x363.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The unique pH and temperature responsiveness of PNIPAM-based microgels  make them a promising target for novel biomedical applications such as  cellular drug delivery systems. However, we lack a comprehensive  understanding of how the physicochemical properties of microgels relate  to their interaction with cells. Here, we show that HEK293T cells take up PNIPAM-based microgels on a second-to-minute time scale. Uptake rates are determined by microgel size and cross-linker content. Using fluorescence confocal live-cell microscopy, we observe microgel uptake in real time and describe cellular uptake kinetics. Experiments reveal that small and less cross-linked microgels show faster uptake kinetics than microgels of larger size or higher cross-linker content. Only  microgels that are larger than 800 nm in diameter and have cross-linking contents of 10\u201315 mol % do not show translocation into cells. Together, these results provide insight into microgel\u2013cell interactions and generate quantitative information on the deterministic role of microgel architecture\u2014i.e., size and rigidity\u2014for uptake by a prototypical human  cell line. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Victoria K. Switacz,\u00a0Sarah K. Wypysek,\u00a0Rudolf Degen,\u00a0J\u00e9r\u00f4me J. Crassous,\u00a0Marc Spehr,\u00a0and\u00a0Walter Richtering<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Biomacromolecules<\/em>, <strong>2020<\/strong>, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.biomac.0c00478\">10.1021\/acs.biomac.0c00478<\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The unique pH and temperature responsiveness of PNIPAM-based microgels make them a promising target for novel biomedical applications such as<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1623,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-highlights"],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Anna Eisele","author_link":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/?author=3"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Switacz_2020-300x142.jpeg","coauthors":[],"tax_additional":{"categories":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/?cat=34\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Highlights<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Highlights<\/span>"]}},"comment_count":"1","relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 6 years ago","modified":"Updated 6 years ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on June 3, 2020","modified":"Updated on August 28, 2020"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on June 3, 2020 15:00","modified":"Updated on August 28, 2020 15:18"},"featured_img_caption":"","series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1622"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1622\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1721,"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1622\/revisions\/1721"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1623"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1622"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microgels.rwth-aachen.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}